譯科技 | 2020區(qū)塊鏈發(fā)展趨勢(shì)一覽

來(lái)源：Dataversity 時(shí)間：2020-03-26 14:37:16 作者：Paramita (Guha) Ghosh

Blockchain Trends in 2020

　　數(shù)據(jù)觀 | 黃玉葉（譯）

　　2020 is likely the year when blockchain technologies will witness higher adoption rates and usage across industry niches. As announced in 2019，China may lead the way to substantial investment in blockchain research and applications. The largest cryptocurrency exchanges are in China，and this year may see some dramatic deployment shifts from the multi-cloud blockchains of 2019. The reality is that elusive technology has a lot to prove in actual applications before it achieves higher adoption rate among industry users.

　　2020年可能是區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)在整個(gè)行業(yè)利基市場(chǎng)獲得更高采用率和使用率的一年。誠(chéng)如2019年那樣，中國(guó)可能會(huì)帶頭在區(qū)塊鏈研究和應(yīng)用方面進(jìn)行大量投資。最大的加密貨幣交易所在中國(guó)，今年可能會(huì)看到2019年的多云區(qū)塊鏈出現(xiàn)一些戲劇性的部署轉(zhuǎn)變?，F(xiàn)實(shí)是，難以捉摸的技術(shù)要在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中得到證明，才能在行業(yè)用戶中獲得更高的采用率。

　　At the beginning of 2019，George Spasov，blockchain architect and LimeChain co-founder，commented，“2019 has continued what 2018 started — enterprises experimenting.” According to the Deloitte 2019 Global Blockchain Survey，about half of the survey respondents had stated that “an average of $5 million or more” would be spent on blockchain projects in that year. However，the survey respondents also noted that deployment issues，security threats，and regulatory hassles would be serious barriers to technology adoption.

　　在2019年初，LimeChain的區(qū)塊鏈架構(gòu)師和聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人George Spasov表示：“2019年，企業(yè)延續(xù)了2018年的區(qū)塊鏈嘗試?！?根據(jù)德勤（Deloitte）2019年全球區(qū)塊鏈調(diào)查，大約一半的調(diào)查受訪者表示，該年將“平均花費(fèi)500萬(wàn)美元或更多”用于區(qū)塊鏈項(xiàng)目。然而，受訪者也指出，部署問(wèn)題、安全威脅和監(jiān)管方面的麻煩將成為技術(shù)采用的嚴(yán)重障礙。

　　Where have all those trends brought us in 2020？ The Future of Blockchain claims that the future of the technology lies in providing a “tamper-proof，asset-tracking system backed by clear records，”which broadly hints at blockchain’s immense potentials for revolutionizing three core industry sectors：banking，financial services，and insurance sectors.

　　所有這些趨勢(shì)在2020年給我們帶來(lái)了什么？《區(qū)塊鏈未來(lái)》（https：//www.dataversity.net/the-future-of-blockchain/）一文指出，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的未來(lái)在于提供一種“有清晰記錄支持的防篡改、資產(chǎn)跟蹤系統(tǒng)”，這大致暗示了區(qū)塊鏈在革新三個(gè)核心產(chǎn)業(yè)部門——銀行、金融服務(wù)和保險(xiǎn)部門等方面展示出的巨大潛力。

　　Established Blockchain Trends and Expected Enhancements in 2020

　　2020年區(qū)塊鏈既定趨勢(shì)和預(yù)期改進(jìn)

　　●Some of the most successful cloud service providers have offered started offering blockchain-as-a-service. This year users expect to run their blockchain operations across different cloud networks， Forbes suggests.

　　●一些云服務(wù)標(biāo)桿服務(wù)商已開(kāi)始提供區(qū)塊鏈即服務(wù)。福布斯建議，今年用戶希望在不同的云網(wǎng)絡(luò)上運(yùn)行他們的區(qū)塊鏈業(yè)務(wù)。

　　●Cloud deployments and blockchain adoption are closely interlinked， in the sense that higher blockchain adoption will lead to more cloud adoption and vice versa. The cloud and blockchain vendors have mutual gains in strategic partnerships.

　　●云部署和區(qū)塊鏈的采用是緊密相連的，因?yàn)楦叩膮^(qū)塊鏈采用將導(dǎo)致更多的云采用，反之亦然。云計(jì)算和區(qū)塊鏈供應(yīng)商在戰(zhàn)略合作中互惠互利。

　　●The Future of Cloud Computing： Blockchain Will Have Its Day offers a thought-provoking discussion of blockchain in a hybrid cloud environment.

　　●云計(jì)算的未來(lái)：區(qū)塊鏈將有它的一天，它提供了關(guān)于混合云環(huán)境中的區(qū)塊鏈的發(fā)人深省的討論。

　　●With many ambitious solutions from Azure， AWS， and Oracle， blockchain still has technology maturity and public skepticism to deal with before it can achieve mainstream status. Unfortunately， in spite of ambitious investments， very few finial businesses have yet to reap the rewards of a “decentralized ledger.”

　　●借助來(lái)自Azure，AWS和Oracle的許多雄心勃勃的解決方案，區(qū)塊鏈在獲得主流地位之前仍然需要應(yīng)對(duì)技術(shù)成熟度和公眾懷疑論。不幸的是，盡管進(jìn)行了雄心勃勃的投資，但很少有最終企業(yè)能夠從“去中心化的賬本”中獲得回報(bào)。

　　●The most visible change in business processes due to blockchain may be observable in the insurance sector in 2020. Blockchain Technology in Insurance describes how this technology can impact core insurance practices such as pricing and underwriting， claims， collections， and back-office work.

　　●由于區(qū)塊鏈而導(dǎo)致的業(yè)務(wù)流程中最明顯的變化可能會(huì)在2020年的保險(xiǎn)行業(yè)中出現(xiàn)。保險(xiǎn)中的區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)描述了該技術(shù)如何影響核心保險(xiǎn)實(shí)踐，如定價(jià)和承保、索賠、托收和后臺(tái)工作。

　　●According to a Price Water Cooper （PWC） report， 77 percent of financial institutions are likely to integrate blockchain with their “in-production system or process by 2020.”

　　●據(jù)普華永道（PWC）的一份報(bào)告，到2020年，77%的金融機(jī)構(gòu)可能會(huì)將區(qū)塊鏈與它們的“生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)或流程”相結(jié)合。

　　●With the global social-media population at 2.77 billion in 2019，the emergence of blockchain in social media in 2020 will provide solutions for problems related to privacy violations，data control，and content.

　　●2019年隨著全球社交媒體人口達(dá)到27.7億，區(qū)塊鏈在2020年的出現(xiàn)將為侵犯隱私、數(shù)據(jù)控制和內(nèi)容相關(guān)的問(wèn)題提供解決方案。

　　●With blockchain exposed to other emerging IT technologies such as AI and IoT，it will be interesting to see how the blockchain experts tackle interoperability issues in 2020.

　　●目前區(qū)塊鏈和人工智能、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)等其他新興IT技術(shù)共存，2020年，區(qū)塊鏈專家如何處理互操作性問(wèn)題值得期待。

　　Blockchain’s Occam Problem

　　區(qū)塊鏈的奧卡姆（OCCAM）問(wèn)題

　　A year ago，Blockchain’s Occam Problem commented that after nine long years of huge investments，research efforts，and brainstorming，the blockchain technologists，finance industry，and the regulators are yet to present that “game-changing” solution for the financial businesses that they initially claimed.

　　一年前，區(qū)塊鏈奧卡姆（OCCAM）問(wèn)題指出，經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)達(dá)9年的巨額投資、研究努力和頭腦風(fēng)暴，區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)專家、金融行業(yè)和監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)還沒(méi)有為他們最初宣稱的金融業(yè)務(wù)提出“改變游戲規(guī)則”的解決方案。

　　The above article provides a summary of the top funds provided for blockchain R &D，which includes VC funding of $1 billion for blockchain startups in 2017， IBM’s investment of over $200 million in a blockchain-powered IoT solution，and the financial industry’s annual expenditure of about 1.7 billion. McKinsey’s recent study of financial services leads the market watcher to believe that in spite of these billion-dollar investments，“hardly any use cases made technological， commercial， and strategic sense or could be delivered at scale.”

　　上面的文章總結(jié)了區(qū)塊鏈研發(fā)的頂級(jí)資金，其中包括2017年區(qū)塊鏈初創(chuàng)公司獲得的10億美元風(fēng)投，IBM在區(qū)塊鏈物聯(lián)網(wǎng)解決方案上的投資超過(guò)2億美元，以及金融業(yè)每年約17億美元的支出。麥肯錫最近對(duì)金融服務(wù)的研究讓市場(chǎng)觀察人士相信，盡管這些投資價(jià)值數(shù)十億美元，但“幾乎沒(méi)有任何技術(shù)、商業(yè)和戰(zhàn)略意義上的用例，也無(wú)法大規(guī)模交付?！?/font>

　　So what is the current global perception of blockchain as a revolutionary technology？Major businesses have scaled down their investments and research efforts and are approaching blockchain R&D with a more targeted focus. Tens of use cases have been narrowed down to one or two—with more focus on compliance，data standards，and network adoption.

　　那么，目前全球?qū)^(qū)塊鏈作為一項(xiàng)革命性技術(shù)的看法是什么呢？各大企業(yè)已縮減了投資和研究力度，并正以更有針對(duì)性的重點(diǎn)進(jìn)行區(qū)塊鏈的研發(fā)。數(shù)十個(gè)用例已經(jīng)縮小到一個(gè)或兩個(gè)——更多地關(guān)注于遵從性、數(shù)據(jù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)采用。

　　The theory that suggested blockchain would revolutionize major business processes across industry niches from “banking and insurance to shipping and healthcare，”is lagging behind on the application side. Proof-of-concepts are not yet visible，so much so that industry leaders and blockchain vendors alike have diluted their expectations，and are now ready for a more pragmatic market-view. The vendors have to be more honest about the challenges and limitations of this wonder-technology and suitably re-adjust their commercial strategy.

　　該理論認(rèn)為區(qū)塊鏈將徹底改變從“銀行和保險(xiǎn)到運(yùn)輸和醫(yī)療保健”等整個(gè)行業(yè)壁壘的主要業(yè)務(wù)流程，但在應(yīng)用程序方面卻落后。概念證明尚不可見(jiàn)，以至于行業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者和區(qū)塊鏈服務(wù)商都淡化了他們的期望，現(xiàn)在他們已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好接受更加務(wù)實(shí)的市場(chǎng)觀點(diǎn)。服務(wù)商必須更誠(chéng)實(shí)地面對(duì)這項(xiàng)神奇技術(shù)的挑戰(zhàn)和局限性，并適當(dāng)?shù)刂匦抡{(diào)整他們的商業(yè)策略。

　　Hopes for Blockchain in 2020

　　2020區(qū)塊鏈希望

　　Gartner has listed blockchain as one of the top ten strategictechnologies for 2020. According to Ledgerinsights，Gartner has predicted that in the next three years，“public blockchains” will integrate with “permissioned blockchains.”

　　Gartner將區(qū)塊鏈列為2020年十大戰(zhàn)略技術(shù)之一。根據(jù)Ledgerinsights的說(shuō)法，Gartner預(yù)測(cè)在未來(lái)三年中，“公共區(qū)塊鏈”將與“獲準(zhǔn)區(qū)塊鏈”整合。

　　In 2020，blockchain must move beyond its POC stigma and show actual market applicability. So here are more blockchain trends to watch out for in 2020：

　　2020年，區(qū)塊鏈必須超越其POC烙印，并展現(xiàn)出實(shí)際的市場(chǎng)適用性。所以這是2020年值得關(guān)注的更多區(qū)塊鏈趨勢(shì)：

　　●Blockchain vendors will aggressively pursue industry sectors with better services and tools.

　　●區(qū)塊鏈供應(yīng)商將積極尋求具有更好服務(wù)和工具的行業(yè)。

　　●Companies will continue to explore “tokenization”of all types of physical and digital assets.

　　●公司將繼續(xù)探索對(duì)所有類型的實(shí)物和數(shù)字資產(chǎn)進(jìn)行“加密幣化”。

　　●The Digital Asset Model Language （DAML） is likely to overthrow existing frameworks.

　　●數(shù)字資產(chǎn)模型語(yǔ)言（DAML）可能會(huì)推翻現(xiàn)有框架。

　　●As scalability and interoperability are nagging issues for blockchain deployments，in 2020，businesses will demand more scalability and “interconnectivity between networks.”

　　●由于可擴(kuò)展性和互操作性是困擾區(qū)塊鏈部署的棘手問(wèn)題，因此到2020年，企業(yè)將需要更多的可擴(kuò)展性和“網(wǎng)絡(luò)之間的互連接性”。

　　Predictions 2020：Distributed Ledger Technology Moves Beyond Proof Of Concept gives a deeper understanding of the current barriers to commercialization of blockchain. The success of another blockchain application can be found in How Blockchain Can Be Used to Secure Sensitive Data Storage. Storj.io and Sia.tech are two blockchain storage products currently poised for market success.

　　2020年預(yù)測(cè)：分布式分類帳技術(shù)將超越概念驗(yàn)證，從而對(duì)當(dāng)前區(qū)塊鏈商業(yè)化的障礙有了更深入的了解。另一個(gè)區(qū)塊鏈應(yīng)用程序的成功之處在于如何使用區(qū)塊鏈保護(hù)敏感數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)。Storj.io和Sia.tech技術(shù)是兩種區(qū)塊鏈存儲(chǔ)產(chǎn)品，目前有望在市場(chǎng)上大出風(fēng)頭。

　　Major Blockchain Trends Triggered by Technology Barriers in 2019

　　2019年由技術(shù)壁壘引發(fā)的區(qū)塊鏈主趨勢(shì)

　　●The previous year’s trend of cloud providers offering blockchain as a service may be an uptrend this year with more services and tools.

　　●去年云服務(wù)商提供區(qū)塊鏈即服務(wù)的趨勢(shì)可能會(huì)在今年隨著更多服務(wù)和工具的發(fā)展而上升。

　　●The rise of “federated blockchain”with customizable blockchain networks.

　　●可定制區(qū)塊鏈“聯(lián)合區(qū)塊鏈”將在網(wǎng)絡(luò)興起。

　　●The rise of demand for blockchain experts as market applications continue to struggle through trials and experimentations.

　　●隨著市場(chǎng)應(yīng)用仍然在考驗(yàn)和試驗(yàn)中掙扎，區(qū)塊鏈專家千金難求。

　　●Businesses will have to innovate and re-skill their staff with more blockchain-oriented expertise，so that they can maximize their ROI from a blockchain deployment.

　　●企業(yè)必須用更多面向區(qū)塊鏈的專業(yè)知識(shí)對(duì)員工進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新和技能培訓(xùn)，這樣他們才能從區(qū)塊鏈部署中獲得最大的投資回報(bào)率。

　　Blockchain in 2020：Wrapping Up

　　2020年的區(qū)塊鏈：總結(jié)

　　In 2018， most blockchain vendors were not sure of the market feedback as most industry leaders simply tinkered with the idea of blockchain without actively pursuing blockchain applications. In 2019， blockchain technology got a facelift as cloud service providers started offering blockchain as a service. This trend， if appropriately leveraged， can enhance both cloud and blockchain adoption rates at the same time.

　　在2018年，大多數(shù)區(qū)塊鏈供應(yīng)商不確定市場(chǎng)反饋，因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)行業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者只是在沒(méi)有積極追求區(qū)塊鏈應(yīng)用程序的情況下就修補(bǔ)了區(qū)塊鏈的想法。在2019年，隨著云服務(wù)提供商開(kāi)始提供區(qū)塊鏈即服務(wù)，區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)得到了翻新。如果適當(dāng)利用這一趨勢(shì)，可以同時(shí)提高云和區(qū)塊鏈的采用率。

　　Blockchain in 2020：5 Trends to Watch quotes Chris Brodersen，Deloitte Americas Blockchain Lab lead，as saying：

　　關(guān)于2020年區(qū)塊鏈，我們引用德勤美國(guó)區(qū)塊鏈實(shí)驗(yàn)室負(fù)責(zé)人克里斯·布羅德森（Chris Brodersen）的話，有5個(gè)值得關(guān)注的趨勢(shì)：

　　“From an enterprise perspective，the ‘blockchain tourism’phase has passed and companies are beyond [simply] feeling the need to understand the underlying technology details.”

　　“從企業(yè)的角度來(lái)看，'區(qū)塊鏈旅游'階段已經(jīng)過(guò)去，企業(yè)已經(jīng)超越了（簡(jiǎn)單地）理解底層技術(shù)細(xì)節(jié)的需要?！?/font>

　　Blockchain Use Cases gives a more convincing picture of blockchain as a market success.

　　區(qū)塊鏈應(yīng)用案例早已經(jīng)是市場(chǎng)上有目共睹的說(shuō)服場(chǎng)景。

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　　注：《2020區(qū)塊鏈發(fā)展趨勢(shì)一覽》來(lái)源于dataversity網(wǎng)站（點(diǎn)擊查看原文）。本文系數(shù)據(jù)觀原創(chuàng)編譯，譯者數(shù)據(jù)觀/黃玉葉，轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)務(wù)必注明譯者和來(lái)源。

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責(zé)任編輯：張薇