譯文 ▏區(qū)塊鏈：未來(lái)將不存在公司，只有信用！
來(lái)源：燈塔大數(shù)據(jù) 時(shí)間：2017-08-23 13:37:21 作者：
導(dǎo)讀：區(qū)塊鏈會(huì)重塑每一個(gè)行業(yè)。區(qū)塊鏈?zhǔn)且豁?xiàng)顛覆性的技術(shù)，因?yàn)樗哂袛?shù)字化，去中心化的特點(diǎn)，具有保護(hù)和促進(jìn)可靠交易的能力。
?很多的產(chǎn)業(yè)都在評(píng)估區(qū)塊鏈，通過(guò)評(píng)估來(lái)決定有哪些戰(zhàn)略優(yōu)勢(shì)可以通過(guò)使用區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)來(lái)產(chǎn)生效益。下面是對(duì)區(qū)塊鏈的高度概括：
?區(qū)塊鏈，也被稱為分布式記賬技術(shù)，在解決交易信用與透明度方面具有廣闊的前景?，F(xiàn)在存在著重新定義“合作，政府監(jiān)管，金融控制，資產(chǎn)流動(dòng)信任間隔”等元素之間的相互關(guān)系，并且有改變組織透明度的機(jī)會(huì)。因此，未來(lái)將會(huì)出現(xiàn)一個(gè)獨(dú)一無(wú)二的運(yùn)用區(qū)塊鏈來(lái)改變與他人交流的機(jī)遇。
?為了了解更多區(qū)塊鏈的重要性和它顛覆性的天性，Ray Wang和我邀請(qǐng)了一位區(qū)塊鏈的專家，他認(rèn)為每一家公司都有可能被一個(gè)更加有信譽(yù)的自己所取代。我們也邀請(qǐng)了百億美元的上市公司來(lái)討論區(qū)塊鏈的重要性和公司的信譽(yù)問(wèn)題。
?Richie Etwaru是QuantilesIMS的CDO。他的主要職責(zé)是運(yùn)用技術(shù)創(chuàng)新還有發(fā)現(xiàn)數(shù)字化趨勢(shì)，將其融入未來(lái)戰(zhàn)略，以支持全球技術(shù)解決公司的成長(zhǎng)。Etwaru 已經(jīng)在全世界寫(xiě)了超過(guò)100份區(qū)塊鏈筆記，他也寫(xiě)了一些全球最高閱讀量的區(qū)塊鏈博客。他開(kāi)展過(guò)許多區(qū)塊鏈有關(guān)的訪談，在政府和基金中的擔(dān)任顧問(wèn)的角色，還有2017年3月TEDx中“區(qū)塊鏈，超簡(jiǎn)”的演講中，為不同組織機(jī)構(gòu)尋找到了很大的潛力和機(jī)遇。
?以下是我們?cè)L談中有關(guān)區(qū)塊鏈顛覆性的一些核心分享：
?1.交易成本，范圍，速度提高了，但最重要的元素卻沒(méi)有提高。據(jù)他所說(shuō)，在科技行業(yè)中我們大多數(shù)人的職業(yè)處在他所說(shuō)的“分層蛋糕”中——電力，網(wǎng)絡(luò)，儲(chǔ)存，計(jì)算和服務(wù)器，操作系統(tǒng)，商業(yè)步驟，銷售，品牌，營(yíng)銷，服務(wù)管理等領(lǐng)域。我們的交易成本下降了，通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)觸及范圍廣了，通過(guò)手機(jī)和無(wú)線網(wǎng)絡(luò)速度變快了。唯一在商業(yè)中沒(méi)有改變的是商業(yè)信用。Etwaru相信，實(shí)際上，信用正在變壞。
?如果你正在創(chuàng)業(yè)，運(yùn)營(yíng)一個(gè)公司，或者在試圖拯救一個(gè)公司，這本書(shū)是一個(gè)嚴(yán)肅的警告：每一個(gè)公司都有可能被一個(gè)有信用的自我替代。
?2.信用將成為新的公司區(qū)分點(diǎn)。每一個(gè)公司都能被一個(gè)更有信用的自己替代。今天，顧客體驗(yàn)在商業(yè)中能作為區(qū)分不同公司的要素，但在不遠(yuǎn)的將來(lái)，信用將取代顧客體驗(yàn)。密碼學(xué)，不可變結(jié)構(gòu)，分布式賬簿和數(shù)據(jù)集等技術(shù)會(huì)使信任平民化和規(guī)?；?。
?3.區(qū)塊鏈會(huì)消除中介作為信用機(jī)構(gòu)存在的意義。Etwaru用了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的例子來(lái)說(shuō)明區(qū)塊鏈?zhǔn)窃鯓颖挥脕?lái)在兩個(gè)人之間驗(yàn)證他們的信用。不需要第三方就可以核實(shí)數(shù)據(jù)的這種能力，提高了商業(yè)效率，同時(shí)緩解了信任缺失。
?每一種人類歷史上的典范都大大縮減了或者消除了一種差距，區(qū)塊鏈也會(huì)縮減或者完全消除一種間隙。紙質(zhì)媒體消除了知識(shí)傳播的問(wèn)題，蒸汽機(jī)消除了力量上的不足，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)解決了距離的問(wèn)題。區(qū)塊鏈將解決信用問(wèn)題。
?4.信用與分享密切結(jié)合在一起。在信用缺失的情況下，數(shù)據(jù)分享必須通過(guò)中介，有了區(qū)塊鏈，個(gè)人可以規(guī)模地分享數(shù)據(jù)，不需要中介，創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)親密分享敏感數(shù)據(jù)給不熟悉的人的場(chǎng)景。能夠信任信息源的信任度提高，也將使數(shù)據(jù)整合操作變得容易，使其對(duì)于每一個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)都是簡(jiǎn)單易用的。
?信用缺失在商業(yè)中很常見(jiàn)，我們也習(xí)慣了一個(gè)需要運(yùn)用昂貴的資源，通常涉及到非常不方便的第三方機(jī)構(gòu)來(lái)驗(yàn)證交易的社會(huì)。區(qū)塊鏈，人類第一次獲得的以可持續(xù)模式，全球范圍內(nèi)邁向信用社會(huì)的機(jī)會(huì)。
?5.公司組織結(jié)構(gòu)將根據(jù)區(qū)塊鏈改變。驅(qū)動(dòng)商業(yè)的元素有兩層，這兩層是未來(lái)公司的基礎(chǔ)：1.我們?cè)鯓咏M織，2.怎樣合作。同樣的方式，云計(jì)算顛覆了存儲(chǔ)于計(jì)算機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)顛覆了連接與社交，區(qū)塊鏈將會(huì)顛覆組織與合作。
?重大突破常在討論產(chǎn)生，Etwaru的愿望是能帶領(lǐng)大家進(jìn)行區(qū)塊鏈有關(guān)的討論。區(qū)塊鏈的討論更加靠近密貨幣和比特幣。人工智能，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，云計(jì)算，區(qū)塊鏈將極大改變每個(gè)行業(yè)內(nèi)的每個(gè)公司。
?英文原文
?We are living in an exponentially expanding trust gap. — Richie Etwaru
?Blockchain will disrupt every industry. Blockchain is a disruptive technology because of it’s ability to digitize, decentralize, secure and incentivize the validation of transactions. A wide swath of industries are evaluating blockchain to determine what strategic differentiation can exist for their businesses by leverage Blockchain. Here is high level overview of what is Blockchain, and what is it used for via MIT Technology Review:
?“Blockchain, also known as distributed ledger technologies, show significant promise in addressing the trust and transparency required for a digital world. Opportunities exist to rethink cooperation and control governance, financial control, flow of wealth, the trust gap, and transforming transparency of organizations. Consequently, society faces a unique opportunity with blockchain to transform how we engage with each other.” — Ray Wang
?To learn more about the importance of Blockchain and its disruptive nature, Ray Wangand I invited a Blockchain expert author, who believes that every company will be disrupted by a trusted version of itself, and one of the first chief digital officers of a multi-billion dollar publicly traded company to speak about the importance of distributed ledgers and the future of trusted companies to our weekly show DisrupTV.
?Richie Etwaru is chief digital officer at QuintilesIMS [NYSE:Q], where he is responsible for identifying, prioritizing and embedding technology innovation and digital trends into the vision, strategy, and operating model required to support the growth of the Global Technology Solutions business unit. Prior to joining QuintilesIMS from Cegedim, Etwaru was the Executive Director and Head of Innovation and Transformation at UBS Wealth Management, SVP and Divisional CIO for Lehman Brothers, and co-founder of several technology ventures.
?Etwaru has delivered over 100 Blockchain keynotes across the world and has written some of the most read Blockchain blogs as of this writing. His interviews on Blockchain, advisory work with governments and venture funds, and TEDx talk titled “Blockchain: Massively Simplified” delivered in March 2017 has unlocked potential and identified opportunities for hundreds of organizations. In his new book, Blockchain, Trust Companies, Etwaru covers the so what of Blockchain as opposed to the crowded area ofthe what of Blockchain. Etwaru is also an adjunct professor of Blockchain Management atSyracuse University. Etwaru is an excellent follow on Twitter at @RichieEtwaru.
?Here are some of the key takeaways of our conversation about the disruptive nature of Blockchain with Etwaru:
?1. Transaction cost, reach and speed have improved, but the most important element is trending down. According to Etwaru, most of us in the tech industry have spent our careers in what he calls ‘the layered cake” of what drives commerce - electricity, network, storage, compute and servers, operating system, business process, sales, brand, marketing, services and perception management. We have lowered transaction costs along the way, we have increased the transaction reach with the Internet, and we have increased the transaction speed with wireless and mobile phones. The one thing that hasn’t changed in commerce is transaction trust. Etwaru believes that in fact, transaction trust in trending down.
?“If you are starting a company, running one, or trying to save one from its Kodak Moment, this book is a sobering reminder that every company is at risk of being disrupted by a trusted version of itself.” — Richie Etwaru
?2. Trust will be the new company differentiator - Every company can be easily replaced by a trusted version of itself, according to Etwaru. Today, customer experience is defining business differentiation but in the near future, trust will be your company’s true differentiation. The science of cryptography, immutable configurations, distributed ledgers and data sets will democratize trust at scale.
?3. Blockchain will eliminate the need for an intermediary to validate data integrity - Etwaru uses a simple example to demonstrate how Blockchain is design to validate and trust data from a one-to-one manner. The ability to validate a data set without the ‘middle man’ increases business execution velocity, while reducing the trust gap.
?4. Trust and sharing go hand-in-hand - In the absence of trust, the data sharing must go through an intermediary. With blockchain, individuals can share data sets at scale without a middle-man, creating the scenario of sharing sensitive data to unfamiliar parties in an intimate way. The ability to trust information from someone who is willing to share it will create conditions where the integration and prosecution of data is accessible and affordable to all.
?“A trust gap is vivid and apparent in commerce, and we have become anesthetized to a world where we carry the burden to always trust but verify almost every transaction with expensive, cumbersome and often inconveniencing intermediaries. Blockchain, mankind’s first opportunity for trusted commerce at global and sustainable scale.” — Richie Etwaru
?5. Corporate structures will change based on Blockchain - There are two layers below the layered cake that drives commerce, a ccording to Etwaru. The two layers at the foundation of companies of tomorrow is: 1. how we organize, 2. how we cooperate. The same way cloud computing disrupted the storage and compute layer, and the Internet disrupted the connectivity and network layer, Blockchain will be a disruption in how we organize and cooperate.
?Paradigms are shaped by discussions. Etwaru’s mission is to help shape and lead the conversation regarding Blockchain. The discussion about Blockchain is much more that cryptocurrencies and Bitcoin. The combination of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), Cloud Computing and Blockchain will massively transform every company in every industry.
?Here is Etwaru’s TEDx video on the disruptive nature of Blockchain - a fantastic primer on how technology can be used to reduce the trust gap.
?I recommend you to follow Etwaru on Twitter (@RichieEtwaru) for more thought leadership content on Blockchain. I also highly recommend his book, Blockchain, Trusted Companies because he is able to develop a blueprint for business leaders to considers as they develop their Blockchain strategy. In his book, Etwaru masterfully defines a maturity model that carefully defines the evolution towards trusted commerce. Using Blockchain, Etwaru gives examples of how finance, identity, reputation, inventory, market agreement and cooperate data sets sequentially evolve through blockchain first, becoming trusted data sets that can enable transparent consensus at scale, and eventually candidate data sets for smart contracts to transact on autonomously. Consensus at scale is a prerequisite for autonomous commerce. This is the future of trusted companies. Reduce the trust gap or get disrupted. The choice is yours.
責(zé)任編輯：陳近梅